twelve-tone technique
| Name | Nationality | Born | Died | Era(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arnold Schoenberg | American, Austrian, German | 1874 | 1951 | 20th century, Romantic era |
| Igor Stravinsky | Russian | 1882 | 1971 | 20th century |
| Anton Webern | Austrian, German | 1883 | 1945 | 20th century |
| Josef Matthias Hauer | Austrian, German | 1883 | 1959 | 20th century |
| Alban Berg | Austrian, German | 1885 | 1935 | 20th century |
| René Leibowitz | French | 1913 | 1972 | 20th century |
| Jan Klusák | Czech | 1934 | 20th century, 21st century |